Diabetes is a killer disease that can have debilitating effects on many organs in the body. It is often associated with other life-threatening ailments such as heart disease, stroke, hypertension, blindness, kidney malfunction, nervous system disorders, and amputations.
糖尿病是一种严重的疾病，几乎可以影响人体的每一个器官系统，其并发症包括心脏病，中风，高血压，失明，肾脏病，神经系统病症，肌体切除等。
What is diabetes and how does it develop ? As food enters the body, it is broken down into glucose, the basic fuel of the body. The pancreas, an organ situated close to the stomach, secretes the hormone insulin. Insulin enhances cell absorption of glucose in the blood for the body to obtain energy. Thus, insulin plays an important role to ensure the normal functioning of the body.
究竟糖尿病是什么？它又是怎么造成的呢？当人们吃下食物后，部分食物会转代为葡萄糖，然后依靠胰岛素进入每个细胞，从而产生能量。胰岛素是胰脏所分泌的一种荷尔蒙，而胰脏是最靠近胃的一个器官。了解这层关系后，我们就明白胰岛素对人体的重要性，因为糖尿病患者正是由于胰脏的细胞功能毁坏而影响胰岛素的分泌，结果，当葡萄糖无法进入细胞时，就会沉积在血液中，严重地危害身体健康。
WHAT ARE THE FOODS SUITABLE FOR DIABETICS ?
哪些食物对糖尿病患者有益？
- SOY / 大豆
Soy has a low glycemic index, which means that when digested, it stabilizes blood glucose levels. In addition, soy is also a good source of soluble fiber. Carbohydrates that are high in soluble fiber may help improve blood sugar control because it slows down the rate at which the body absorbs sugar.
大豆的升糖指数很低，在消化后可以稳定血糖值。此外，大豆也富含可溶性纤维，其中的碳水化合物有助改善血糖的控制，减缓身体吸收糖的比例。大豆在人体内极易被分解，对消化系统不会造成负担。
2. GINSENG BERRY / 人参果实
Researchers at the University of Chicago recently reported that ginseng berry extract holds promise for the treatment of diabetes and obesity. The nutrient-rich ginseng berry contains ginsenoside Re, a substance that can possibly contribute to the creation of an entire new class of anti-diabetic medications.
芝加哥大学的研究员最近做出报告显示，人参果实的萃取物具有治疗糖尿病和肥胖症的功效。人参果实中发现的人参精铼是一种具有全新抗糖尿病药效潜力的物质。
3. HIGH FIBER FOODS / 高纤维食物
A study revealed that type 2 diabetics who were given 5.1g of psyllium husk for eight weeks saw a significant improvement in their glycemic and lipid values. There was also marked decrease in their serum total and LDL cholesterol concentrations.
研究显示，让糖尿病二型病人食用5.1克的洋车前子壳连续八个星期，结果发现他们的血糖和血脂肪数都有显著的改善。同时血清总数和LDL胆固醇浓度也降低了。
4. GRAPE SEED EXTRACT / 葡萄籽萃取物
Diabetic retinopathy, a disease that can lead to blindness, is a potential complication arising from diabetes. Researchers have noted that diabetics can effectively treat and prevent the onset of diabetic retinopathy through good nutrition. High on the list of nutritious foods is grape seed extract. Grape seed extract contains a very strong antioxidant called OPC.
视网膜病变是糖尿病可能引起的一种并发症，并可能导致失明。研究人员发现，通过适当的营养补充，可有效治疗甚至预防糖尿病视网膜病变的发生。其中葡萄籽萃取物最受推崇，因为其所含的丰富化青素（OPC）是一种抗氧化剂。
There are essentially three types of diabetes :
糖尿病可分为三种类型 ：
| Gestational Diabetes 妊娠性糖尿病 | Gestational diabetes is a form of glucose intolerance diagnosed in some women during pregnancy. 妊娠性糖尿病是指妇女在怀孕期间身体不能接受葡萄糖的病症。 |
| Type 1 Diabetes 糖尿病一型 | Type 1 diabetes is a type of autoimmune disease that develops when the body's immune system malfunction. To survive, people with type 1 diabetes must have insulin delivered by the injection or a pump. 糖尿病一型属于一种自体免疫系统疾病，因此病人必须靠注射胰岛素，甚至使用胰岛素泵才能生存。 |
| Type 2 Diabetes 糖尿病二型 | Type 2 diabetes is the most common form, accounting or about 90 to 95 percent of all diagnosed cases of diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is associated with older age, obesity, family history of diabetes, prior history of gestational diabetes, impaired glucose metabolism, physical inactivity, and race and ethnicity. 糖尿病二型较为普遍，占糖尿病患者人数的90%至95%。糖尿病二型与肥胖，年纪大，家庭糖尿病历史，曾患妊娠性糖尿病，葡萄糖代谢不良，少运动以及人种有关。 |
*P/S : 文章取自Excellent Word March 2009
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